Black smoke (fumata nera) rose from the Sistine Chapel chimney on Wednesday evening, signaling that the College of Cardinals’ first vote in the papal conclave failed to elect a successor to lead the Roman Catholic Church.
Understanding the Smoke Signals
Black Smoke (Fumata Nera)
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White Smoke (Fumata Bianca)
The smoke production process
Since 2005, chemical additives ensure unmistakable smoke colors:
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Black smoke: Potassium perchlorate, anthracene, and sulphur
White smoke: Lactose, rosin, and potassium chlorate
Conclave progress report
Wednesday’s first ballot extended beyond three hours – longer than the 2013 conclave where smoke appeared after two hours, ultimately electing Pope Francis. While no first-day election was expected (no modern conclave has chosen a pope this quickly), some cardinals expressed hope for resolution by Friday.
Thursday Update: A second black smoke appearance confirmed continued deadlock after two voting sessions. The 133 cardinal electors (all under age 80) remain sequestered in Vatican guesthouses, with four more voting sessions scheduled for Friday.
Historical context
Modern conclaves typically conclude within 2-3 days:
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The record belongs to the 1268-1271 election of Gregory X, which lasted 1,006 days and prompted conclave reforms.
What to watch for
The cardinals will continue voting twice daily until:
1. White smoke appears signaling election
2. A candidate reaches the required majority
With the Church seeking unity after Pope Francis’s transformative but sometimes divisive 12-year papacy, all eyes remain fixed on the Sistine Chapel chimney.
